County of Görz
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The County of Gorizia (German: Grafschaft Görz; Italian: Contea di Gorizia; Slovenian: Goriška grofija; Friulian: Contee di Gurize) was a county based around the town of Gorizia in Friuli-Venezia Giulia, current north-eastern Italy.
The first count of Gorizia, Meinhard I, is mentioned as early as 1127. The borders of the county changed frequently in the following four centuries, due to frequent wars with the nearby Patriarchate of Aquileia and other counties, but also to the subdivision of the territory in two main nuclei: one around the upper Drava, near Lienz, the other centered on Gorizia itself. Count Meinhard III campaigned the Duchy of Carinthia but was defeated by Duke Bernhard von Spanheim in 1252. Nevertheless the county reached the apex of its power, when Meinhard III inherited the County of Tyrol from his father-in-law Albert III one year later.
When his sons Meinhard II of Gorizia-Tyrol and Albert I divided the county in 1271, Albert retained the hereditary lands around Gorizia. The Counts also controlled the March of Treviso (Marca Trevigiana), though for a short while. After the death of Albert's son Henry III, assassinated in 1323, the county suffered a steep decline under the power of their powerful neighbours, the Republic of Venice and the Austrian Empire.
In 1500 the last count of Gorizia, Leonhard, died and according to a contract of inheritance the county fell to Maximilian I of Habsburg. Until 1747 Gorizia formed a County of the Holy Roman Empire ruled by the Inner Austrian Archdukes as part of the Austrian Circle. It was governed by a capitano. Its territory included the upper valley of Isonzo River to Aquileia, the area of Cormons and Duino, and the former Venetian fortress of Gradisca. It was occupied by the Venetians from 1508 until 1509, and in 1511 the County of Gradisca was separated from it by the Habsburgs. In 1747, it ceased to be a separate county and was merged with nearby Gradisca to form the Princely County of Gorizia and Gradisca.
[edit] See also
- List of Counts of Gorizia
- Gorizia and Gradisca
- History of Gorizia
- Austrian Empire
- County of Tyrol
- Republic of Venice
- History of Slovenia
[edit] References
This page uses content from HistoryWiki at County of Gorizia. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Wikipedia, the text of HistoryWiki is available under the GFDL.
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