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Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany.
Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany (Florence, 6 May 1769 – Florence, 18 June 1824) was Grand Duke of Tuscany, (1790-1801; 1814-1824). He was also the Prince-elector and Duke of Salzburg (1803-1806) and Grand Duke of Würzburg (1806-1814).
Ferdinand was born in Florence, Tuscany, into the House of Habsburg-Lorraine. He was the son of Leopold, then Grand-Duke of Tuscany, and his wife infanta Infanta Maria Luisa of Spain.
When his father was elected Emperor in 1790, Ferdinand succeeded him as Grand Duke of Tuscany ceded by his father on 22 July 1790. He was driven out by the French in 1799 but still ruled in Tuscany until 1801, when in the Treaty of Aranjuez (1801), he was forced by Napoleon to make way for the Kingdom of Etruria, created as compensation for the Bourbon Dukes of Parma, being dispossessed by the Peace of Lunéville in that same year.
Ferdinand was compensated by being given the Dukedom and Electorate of Salzburg, the secularized lands of the Archbishop of Salzburg, as Duke of Salzburg. He was also made a Prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire, both on 26 December 1802, a role which expired with the Empire's dissolution in 1806.
On 25 December 1805, Ferdinand had to give up Salzburg as well, which by the Treaty of Pressburg was annexed by his older brother, Emperor Francis II. Ferdinand was made Duke of Würzburg, a new state created for him from the old Bishopric of Würzburg, remaining an Elector. With the dissolution of the Empire in 1806 he took the new title of Grand Duke of Würzburg.
On 30 May 1814, after Napoleon's fall, Ferdinand was restored as Grand-Duke of Tuscany. However, in 1815, the Duchy of Lucca was carved out of Tuscany, again as temporary compensation for the Bourbons of Parma. (Lucca would be reintegrated into Tuscany in 1847.)
Ferdinand died in 1824 in Florence and was succeeded by his son Leopold.
[edit] Family and children
In Naples on 15 August 1790 by proxy and in Vienna on 19 September 1790 in person, Ferdinand married firstly his double first cousin, Princess Luisa Maria Amelia Teresa of the Two Sicilies (Naples, 27 July 1773 - Vienna, 19 September 1802), daughter of Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies and Marie Caroline of Austria.
Their children were:
- Archduchess Carolina Ferdinanda Teresa (Carolina Ferdinanda Theresia) (Florence, 2 August 1793 - Vienna, 5 January 1802)
- Archduke Francesco Leopoldo (Franz Leopold) (Florence, 15 December 1794 - Vienna, 18 March 1800)
- Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany (1797 - 1870), Grand Duke of Tuscany between 1824-1859
- Archduchess Maria Luisa Giuseppa Cristina Rosa (Florence, 30 August 1799 - Florence, 15 June 1857)
- Archduchess Maria Teresa (1801 - 1855). Married Charles Albert of Sardinia.
- Archduke unnamed (1802 - 1802), stillborn
In Florence on 6 May 1821, Ferdinand married secondly Maria of Saxony (Dresden, 27 April 1796 - Schloss Brandeis, Bohemia, 3 January 1865), daughter of Maximilian, Prince of Saxony, (1759 - 1838) and his wife Caroline of Bourbon-Parma (1770 - 1804). She was the first cousin once removed of his first wife and also his first cousin once removed. There were no children born of this second marriage.
[edit] Ancestry
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Ancestors of Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany |
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16. Charles V, Duke of Lorraine |
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8. Leopold, Duke of Lorraine |
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17. Eleonora Maria Josefa of Austria
Queen Dowager of Poland-Lithuania |
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4. Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor |
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18. Philippe I, Duke of Orléans |
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9. Princess Élisabeth Charlotte of Orléans |
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19. Countess Palatine Elizabeth Charlotte of Simmern |
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2. Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor |
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20. Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor |
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10. Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor |
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21. Eleonore-Magdalena of Neuburg |
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5. Maria Theresa of Austria
Queen of Hungary & Bohemia |
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22. Louis Rudolph, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel |
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11. Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel |
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23. Princess Christine Louise of Oettingen-Oettingen |
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1. Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany |
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24. Louis, Dauphin of France |
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12. Philip V of Spain |
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25. Duchess Maria Anna of Bavaria |
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6. Charles III of Spain |
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26. Edward II Farnese, Duke of Parma |
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13. Elisabeth of Parma |
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27. Countess Palatine Dorothea Sophie of Neuburg |
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3. Infanta Maria Luisa of Spain |
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28. Augustus II of Poland
Elector of Saxony |
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14. Augustus III of Poland
Elector of Saxony |
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29. Christiane Eberhardine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth |
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7. Maria Amalia of Saxony |
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30. Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor |
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15. Maria Josepha of Austria |
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31. Wilhelmina Amalia of Brunswick-Calenberg |
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[edit] External links
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Austrian archdukes |
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| 16th Generation |
Crown Prince Otto · Archduke Robert*** · Archduke Felix · Archduke Carl Ludwig · Archduke Rudolf · Archduke Ferdinand Karl · Archduke Heinrich Maria · Archduke Leopold Franz** · Archduke Guntram** · Archduke Radbot** · Archduke Johann** · Archduke Georg** · Archduke Stephan** · Archduke Dominic** · Archduke Friederich Salvator** · Archduke Andreas Salvator** · Archduke Markus** · Archduke Johann** · Archduke Michael** · Archduke Franz Salvator** · Archduke Karl Salvator** · Archduke Joseph Karl · Archduke Andreas Agustinus · Archduke Nicholas Franz · Archduke Johann Jacob · Archduke Edward Karl · Archduke Paul Rudolf
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| 17th Generation |
Archduke Karl · Archduke Georg · Archduke Lorenz*** · Archduke Gerhard*** · Archduke Martin*** · Archduke Karl Philipp · Archduke Raimund Joseph · Archduke Itsván · Archduke Rudolf · Archduke Carl Christian · Archduke Karl Peter · Archduke Simeon · Archduke Johannes · Archduke Maximilian Heinrich · Archduke Philipp Joachim · Archduke Ferdinand Karl · Archduke Konrad · Archduke Sigismund** · Archduke Georg** · Archduke Guntram** · Archduke Leopold** · Archduke Alexander Salvator** · Archduke Thaddäus Salvator** · Archduke Casimir Salvator** · Archduke Matthias** · Archduke Johannes** · Archduke Bernhard** · Archduke Benedikt · Archduke Joseph Albrecht · Archduke Paul Leo · Archduke Friedrich Cyprian · Archduke Benedikt Alexander · Archduke Nicolás · Archduke Santiago · Archduke Paul Benedikt
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| 18th Generation |
Archduke Ferdinand Zvonimir · Archduke Karl Konstantin · Archduke Amedeo*** · Archduke Joachim*** · Archduke Bartholomaeus*** · Archduke Emmanuel*** · Archduke Felix Carl · Archduke Andreas Franz · Archduke Paul Johannes · Archduke Carl Christian · Archduke Johannes · Archduke Thomas · Archduke Franz Ludwig · Archduke Michael · Archduke Joseph · Archduke Imre · Archduke Imre · Archduke Christoph · Archduke Alexander · Archduke Lorenz Carl · Archduke Wilhelm · Archduke Johannes · Archduke Ludwig · Archduke Philipp · Archduke Nicholas · Archduke Constantin · Archduke Jacob Maximilian · Archduke Leopold Amedeo** · Archduke Maximilian** · Archduke Leopold** · Archduke Constantin Salvator** · Archduke Paul Salvator**
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*also an infante of Spain
**also a prince of Tuscany
***also a prince of Modena |
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Tuscan princes |
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| 12th Generation |
Prince Gottfried* · Prince Georg* · Prince Rainier* · Prince Leopold Maria* · Prince Anton* · Prince Franz Joseph* · Prince Karl Pius* · Prince Franz Karl* · Prince Hubert Salvator* · Prince Theodor Salvator* · Prince Clemens Salvator*
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| 13th Generation |
Prince Leopold Franz* · Prince Guntram* · Prince Radbot* · Prince Johann* · Prince Georg* · Prince Stephan* · Prince Dominic* · Prince Friederich Salvator* · Prince Andreas Salvator* · Prince Markus* · Prince Johann* · Prince Michael* · Prince Franz Salvator* · Prince Karl Salvator*
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| 14th Generation |
Prince Sigismund* · Prince Georg* · Prince Guntram* · Prince Leopold* · Prince Alexander Salvator* · Prince Thaddäus Salvator* · Prince Casimir Salvator* · Prince Matthias* · Prince Johannes* · Prince Bernhard* · Prince Benedikt*
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| 15th Generation |
Prince Leopold Amedeo* · Prince Maximilian* · Prince Leopold* · Prince Constantin Salvator* · Prince Paul Salvator*
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