List of state leaders in 1975
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
1974 state leaders - Events of 1975 - 1976 state leaders - State leaders by year
Contents |
[edit] Africa
- Algeria
- President - Houari Boumédienne, President of Algeria (1965-1978)
- Angola
- Portuguese West Africa gained independence on 11 November 1975
- High Commissioner and Governor-General -
- António Alva Rosa Coutinho, High Commissioner and Governor-General of Angola (1974-1975)
- António Silva Cardoso, High Commissioner and Governor-General of Angola (1975)
- Ernesto Ferreira de Macedo, Acting High Commissioner and Governor-General of Angola (1975)
- Leonel Cardoso, High Commissioner and Governor-General of Angola (1975)
- President - Agostinho Neto, President of Angola (1975-1979)
- Prime Minister - Lopo do Nascimento, Prime Minister of Angola (1975-1978)
- Benin
- Dahomey changed name to People's Republic of Benin on 30 November 1975
- President - Mathieu Kérékou, President of Benin (1972-1991)
- Botswana
- President - Sir Seretse Khama, President of Botswana (1966-1980)
- Burundi
- President - Michel Micombero, President of Burundi (1966-1976)
- Cameroon
- President - Ahmadou Ahidjo, President of Cameroon (1960–1992)
- Prime Minister - Paul Biya, Prime Minister of Cameroon (1975–1982)
- Cape Verde
- gained independence on 5 July 1975
- High Commissioner - Vicente Almeida d'Eça, High Commissioner of Cape Verde (1974-1975)
- President - Aristides Pereira, President of Cape Verde (1975-1991)
- Prime Minister - Pedro Pires, Prime Minister of Cape Verde (1975-1991)
- Central African Republic
- President - Jean-Bédel Bokassa, President of the Central African Republic (1966-1979)[1]
- Prime Minister - Elisabeth Domitien, Prime Minister of the Central African Republic (1975-1976)
- Chad
- Head of State -
- Prime Minister -
- Comoros
- gained independence on 6 July 1975
- High Commissioner - Jacques Mouradian, High Commissioner of the Comoros (1969-1975)
- President -
- Head of Government - Ahmed Abdallah, President of the Government Council of the Comoros (1972-1975)
- Congo
- Head of State - Marien Ngouabi, Head of State of Congo (1969-1977)
- Prime Minister -
- Dahomey
- see under Benin
- Equatorial Guinea
- Ethiopia
- French Territory of the Afars and the Issas (French overseas territory)
- High Commissioner - Christian Dablanc, High Commissioner of the French Territory of the Afars and the Issas (1974-1976)
- Prime Minister - Ali Aref Bourhan, President of the Government Council of the French Territory of the Afars and Issas (1967-1976)
- Gabon
- President - Omar Bongo, President of Gabon (1967-2009)
- Prime Minister - Léon Mébiame, Prime Minister of Gabon (1975-1994)
- The Gambia
- President - Sir Dawda Jawara, President of The Gambia (1970-1994)
- Ghana
- Head of State - Ignatius Kutu Acheampong, Chairman of the National Redemption Council of Ghana (1972-1978)
- Guinea
- President - Ahmed Sékou Touré, President of Guinea (1958-1984)
- Prime Minister - Louis Lansana Beavogui, Prime Minister of Guinea (1972-1984)
- Guinea-Bissau
- Head of State - Luís Cabral, Chairman of the Council of State of Guinea-Bissau (1973-1980)
- Prime Minister - Francisco Mendes, Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau (1973-1978)
- Ivory Coast
- President - Félix Houphouët-Boigny, President of Ivory Coast (1960-1993)
- Kenya
- President - Jomo Kenyatta, President of Kenya (1964-1978)
- Lesotho
- Monarch - Moshoeshoe II, King of Lesotho (1970-1990)
- Prime Minister - Leabua Jonathan, Prime Minister of Lesotho (1965-1986)[4]
- Liberia
- President - William R. Tolbert, Jr., President of Liberia (1971-1980)
- Libya
- De facto Chief of State - Muammar al-Gaddafi, Guide of the Revolution of Libya (1969–present)
- Nominal Head of State - Muammar al-Gaddafi, Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council of Libya (1969-1979)
- Prime Minister - Abdessalam Jalloud, Prime Minister of Libya (1972-1977)
- Malagasy Republic
- name changed to Madagascar on 30 December 1975
- Head of State -
- Prime Minister - Gabriel Ramanantsoa, Prime Minister of Malagasy Republic (1972-1975)
- Malawi
- President - Hastings Banda, President for Life of Malawi (1966-1994)
- Mali
- President - Moussa Traoré, President of Mali (1968-1991)
- Mauritania
- President - Moktar Ould Daddah, President of Mauritania (1960-1978)
- Mauritius
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Mauritius (1968-1992)
- Governor-General - Sir Raman Osman, Governor-General of Mauritius (1972-1977)
- Prime Minister - Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, Prime Minister of Mauritius (1961-1982)[5]
- Mayotte (Territorial collectivity of France)
- part of the colony of Comoros until its independence on 6 July 1975
- Prefect - Younoussa Bamana, Prefect of Mayotte (1975-1976)
- Morocco
- Monarch - Hassan II, King of Morocco (1961–1999)
- Prime Minister - Ahmed Osman, Prime Minister of Morocco (1972–1979)
- Mozambique
- Portuguese East Africa gained independence on 25 June 1975
- High Commissioner and Governor-General - Vítor Crespo, High Commissioner and Governor-General of Mozambique (1974-1975)
- President - Samora Machel, President of Mozambique (1975–1986)
- Prime Minister - Joaquim Chissano, Prime Minister of Portuguese East Africa (1974–1975)
- Niger
- Head of State - Seyni Kountché, President of the Supreme Military Council of Niger (1974-1987)
- Nigeria
- Rhodesia (unrecognized, de facto independent country)
- President -
- Prime Minister - Ian Smith, Prime Minister of Rhodesia (1965-1979)
- Rwanda
- President - Juvénal Habyarimana, President of Rwanda (1973-1994)
- Saint Helena (British crown colony)
- Governor - Sir Thomas Oates, Governor of Saint Helena (1971-1976)
- São Tomé and Príncipe
- gained independence on 12 July 1975
- High Commissioner - António Elísio Capelo Pires Veloso, High Commissioner of São Tomé and Príncipe (1974-1975)
- President - Manuel Pinto da Costa, President of São Tomé and Príncipe (1975-1991)
- Prime Minister -
- Senegal
- President - Léopold Sédar Senghor, President of Senegal (1960-1980)
- Prime Minister - Abdou Diouf, Prime Minister of Senegal (1970-1980)
- Seychelles (British crown colony)
- Governor - Colin Allan, Governor of the Seychelles (1973-1976)
- Chief Minister - James Mancham, Chief Minister of the Seychelles (1970-1976)
- Sierra Leone
- President - Siaka Stevens, President of Sierra Leone (1971-1985)
- Prime Minister -
- Somalia
- President - Siad Barre, President of Somalia (1969-1991)
- South Africa
- President -
- Prime Minister - B. J. Vorster, Prime Minister of South Africa (1966-1978)
- South West Africa (former League of Nations mandate under illegally continued administration by South Africa)
- Administrator - Barend Johannes van der Walt, Administrator of South West Africa (1971-1977)
- Spanish Sahara (Spanish overseas province)
- Governor - Federico Gómez de Salazar y Nieto, Governor of Spanish Sahara (1974-1976)
- Sudan
- President - Gaafar Nimeiry, President of Sudan (1969-1985)
- Prime Minister - Gaafar Nimeiry, Prime minister of Sudan (1969-1976)
- Swaziland
- Monarch - Sobhuza II, King of Swaziland (1921-1982)[7]
- Prime Minister - Prince Makhosini Dlamini, Prime Minister of Swaziland (1967-1976)[8]
- Tanzania
- President - Julius Nyerere, President of Tanzania (1964-1985)[9]
- Prime Minister - Rashidi Kawawa, Prime Minister of Tanzania (1972-1977)
- Zanzibar (semi-autonomous region)
- President - Aboud Jumbe, President of Zanzibar (1972-1984)
- Togo
- President - Gnassingbé Eyadéma, President of Togo (1967-2005)
- Tunisia
- President - Habib Bourguiba, President of Tunisia (1957-1987)
- Prime Minister - Hedi Amara Nouira, Prime Minister of Tunisia (1970-1980)
- Uganda
- President - Idi Amin, President of Uganda (1971-1979)
- Upper Volta
- President - Sangoulé Lamizana, President of Upper Volta (1966-1980)
- Prime Minister - Sangoulé Lamizana, Prime Minister of Upper Volta (1974-1978)
- Zaire
- President - Mobutu Sese Seko, President of Zaire (1965-1994)
- Zambia
- President - Kenneth Kaunda, President of Zambia (1964-1991)
- Prime Minister -
[edit] Asia
- Afghanistan
- President - Mohammed Daoud Khan, President of Afghanistan (1973-1978)
- Bangladesh
- President -
- Prime Minister -
- Bhutan
- Monarch - Jigme Singye Wangchuck, King of Bhutan (1972-2006)
- Brunei (British protected state)
- High Commissioner -
- Monarch - Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan of Brunei (1967–present)
- Chief Minister - Pengiran Dipa Negara Laila Diraja Pengiran Abdul Mumin, Chief Minister of Brunei (1972-1981)
- Burma
- President - Ne Win, President of Burma (1962-1981)
- Prime Minister - Sein Win, Prime Minister of Burma (1974-1977)
- China (People's Republic of China)
- Communist Party Leader - Mao Zedong, Chairman of the Communist Party of China (1935-1976)
- Acting Head of State -
- Premier - Zhou Enlai, Premier of the People's Republic of China (1949-1976)
- Hong Kong (British crown colony)
- Governor - Sir Murray MacLehose, Governor of Hong Kong (1971–1982)
- East Timor
- declared independence from Portugal on 28 November, annexed by Indonesia on 7 December
- Governor - Mário Lemos Pires, Governor of Portuguese Timor (1974-1975)
- President - Francisco Xavier do Amaral, President of East Timor (1975)
- Prime Minister - Nicolau dos Reis Lobato, Prime Minister of East Timor (1975)
- India
- President - Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, President of India (1974-1977)
- Prime Minister - Indira Gandhi, Prime Minister of India (1966-1977)
- Indonesia
- President - Suharto, President of Indonesia (1967–1998)
- Japan
- Monarch - Hirohito, Emperor of Japan (1926-1989)
- Prime Minister - Takeo Miki, Prime Minister of Japan (1974-1976)
- Kampuchea
- the Khmer Republic changed name to Democratic Kampuchea on 17 April 1975
- Head of State -
- Prime Minister -
- Khmer Republic
- see under Kampuchea
- North Korea
- Communist Party Leader - Kim Il-sung, General Secretary of the Korean Workers' Party (1948-1994)
- President - Kim Il-sung, President of North Korea (1972-1994)
- Premier - Kim Il, Premier of North Korea (1972-1976)
- South Korea
- President - Park Chung-hee, President of South Korea (1962-1979)
- Prime Minister -
- Laos
- Kingdom of Laos superseded by the Lao People's Democratic Republic on 2 December 1975
- Monarch - Savang Vatthana, King of Laos (1959-1975)
- Communist Party Leader - Kaysone Phomvihane, General Secretary of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (1975-1992)
- President - Souphanouvong, President of Laos (1975-1991)
- Head of Government -
- Macau (overseas province of Portugal)
- Governor - José Garcia Leandro, Governor of Macau (1974-1979)
- Malaysia
- Monarch -
- Prime Minister - Abdul Razak, Prime Minister of Malaysia (1970-1976)
- Maldives
- President - Ibrahim Nasir, President of the Maldives (1968-1978)
- Prime Minister - Ahmed Zaki, Prime Minister of the Maldives (1972-1975)
- Mongolia
- Communist Party Leader - Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal, General secretary of the Central Committee of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (1958-1984)
- Head of State - Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal, Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Great Hural of Mongolia (1974-1984)
- Premier - Jambyn Batmönkh, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Mongolia (1974-1984)
- Nepal
- Monarch - Birendra, King of Nepal (1972–2001)
- Prime Minister -
- Pakistan
- President - Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry, President of Pakistan (1973-1978)
- Prime Minister - Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, Prime Minister of Pakistan (1973-1977)
- Philippines
- President - Ferdinand Marcos, President of the Philippines (1965-1986)
- Singapore
- President - Benjamin Henry Sheares, President of Singapore (1971-1981)
- Prime Minister - Lee Kuan Yew, Prime Minister of Singapore (1959-1990)[10]
- Sri Lanka
- President - William Gopallawa, President of Sri Lanka (1962-1978)[11]
- Prime Minister - Sirimavo Bandaranaike, Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (1970-1977)
- Taiwan (Republic of China)
- Thailand -
- Monarch - Bhumibol Adulyadej, King of Thailand (1946-present)
- Prime Minister -
- North Vietnam
- Communist Party Leader - Lê Duẩn, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (1960-1986)
- President - Tôn Đức Thắng, President of North Vietnam (1969-1976)[12]
- Premier - Phạm Văn Đồng, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of North Vietnam (1955-1976)[13]
- South Vietnam
- President -
- Prime Minister -
[edit] Australia and Oceania
- American Samoa (unorganized, unincorporated territory of the United States)
- Australia
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia (1952-present)
- Governor-General - Sir John Kerr, Governor-General of Australia (1974-1977)
- Prime Minister -
- Norfolk Island (self-governing territory of Australia)
- Administrator -
- Head of Government - Richard Albert Bataille, President of the Island Council of Norfolk Island (1974-1976)
- British Solomon Islands Protectorate (British crown colony)
- renamed Solomon Islands on 22 June 1975
- Governor - Donald Luddington, Governor of the British Solomon Islands Protectorate (1973–1976)
- Chief Minister - Solomon Mamaloni, Chief Minister of the British Solomon Islands Protectorate (1974-1976)
- Ellice Islands (British crown colony)
- became a separate colony by seceding from Gilbert and Ellice Islands on 1 October 1975
- Commissioner - Thomas H. Laying, Commissioner of Ellice Islands (1975-1978)
- Chief Minister - Toaripi Lauti, Chief Minister of Ellice Islands (1975-1981)
- Fiji
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Fiji (1970-1987)
- Governor-General - Ratu Sir George Cakobau, Governor-General of Fiji (1973-1983)
- Prime Minister - Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, Prime Minister of Fiji (1967-1987)[14]
- French Polynesia (French overseas territory)
- High Commissioner -
- Gilbert and Ellice Islands (British protectorate)
- Ellice Islands seceded on 1 October 1975
- Governor - John Hilary Smith, Governor of Gilbert and Ellice Islands (1973-1978)
- Chief Minister - Naboua Ratieta, Chief Minister of Gilbert and Ellice Islands (1974-1978)
- Guam (Insular area of the United States)
- Governor -
- Nauru
- President - Hammer DeRoburt, President of Nauru (1968-1976)
- New Caledonia (French overseas territory)
- High Commissioner - Gabriel Ériau, Governor of New Caledonia (1974-1978)
- New Hebrides (British-French condominium)
- British Resident Commissioner -
- French Resident Commissioner[15] - Robert Gauger (1974-1978)
- New Zealand
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of New Zealand (1952-present)
- Governor-General - Sir Denis Blundell, Governor-General of New Zealand (1972-1977)
- Prime Minister -
- Cook Islands (Associated state of New Zealand)
- New Zealand Representative - Charles James Brocklehurst, New Zealand High Commissioner in the Cook Islands (1972-1975)
- Queen's Representative - Sir Gaven Donne, Queen's Representative of the Cook Islands (1975-1984)
- Prime Minister - Albert Henry, Prime Minister of the Cook Islands (1965-1978)
- Niue (associated state of New Zealand)
- New Zealand Representative - W. J. Ashwell, New Zealand Representative in Niue (1974-1977)
- Prime Minister - Robert Rex, Premier of Niue (1974-1992)
- Tokelau (territory of New Zealand)
- Administrator -
- Papua New Guinea
- the Territory of Papua and New Guinea gained independence on 16 September 1975
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Papua New Guinea (1975-present)
- Governor-General[16] -
- Prime Minister[17] - Michael Somare, Chief Minister of Papua and New Guinea (1973-1975), Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea (1975-1980)[18]
- Pitcairn Islands (British crown colony)
- Governor - Sir David Aubrey Scott, Governor of the Pitcairn Islands (1973-1975)
- Tonga
- Monarch - Taufa'ahau Tupou IV, King of Tonga (1965–2006)[19]
- Prime Minister - Tu'i Pelehake (Fatafehi), Prime Minister of Tonga (1965–1991)[20]
- Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (UN Trust Territory administered by the USA)
- High Commissioner - Edward Elliott Johnston, High Commissioner of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (1969-1976)
- Wallis and Futuna (French overseas territory)
- Administrator-Superior - Yves Arbellot-Repaire, Administrator-Superior of Wallis and Futuna (1975-1976)
- President of the Territorial Assembly -
- Western Samoa
- Head of State - Malietoa Tanumafili II, O le Ao o le Malo of Western Samoa (1962-2007)
- Prime Minister -
[edit] Europe
- Albania
- Communist Party Leader - Enver Hoxha, First Secretary of the Albanian Party of Labor (1944-1985)
- Head of State - Haxhi Lleshi, Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Assembly of Albania (1953-1982)
- Premier - Mehmet Shehu, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Albania (1954-1981)
- Andorra
- Co-Princes -
- French Co-Prince - Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, French Co-Prince of Andorra (1974-1981)
- French Representative of Andorra - Clause-François Rosatin (1972-1977)
- Episcopal Co-Prince - Joan Martí Alanis, Episcopal Co-Prince of Andorra (1971-2003)
- Spanish Representative of Andorra - Francesc Badia (1972-1993)
- French Co-Prince - Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, French Co-Prince of Andorra (1974-1981)
- First Syndic - Julià Reig-Ribó, First Syndic of Andorra (1972-1978)
- Co-Princes -
- Austria -
- President - Rudolf Kirchschläger, President of Austria (1974–1986)
- Chancellor - Bruno Kreisky, Chancellor of Austria (1970–1983)
- Belgium
- Monarch - Baudouin I, King of the Belgians (1951-1993)
- Prime Minister - Leo Tindemans, Prime Minister of Belgium (1974-1978)
- Bulgaria
- Communist Party Leader - Todor Zhivkov, General Secretary of the Bulgarian Communist Party (1954-1989)
- Head of State - Todor Zhivkov, Chairman of the Council of State of Bulgaria (1971-1989)
- Premier - Stanko Todorov, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bulgaria (1971-1981)
- Cyprus
- President - Makarios III, President of Cyprus (1974-1977)
- Czechoslovakia
- Communist Party Leader - Gustáv Husák, General Secretary of the Communisty Party of Czechoslovakia (1969-1987)
- President -
- Prime Minister - Lubomír Štrougal, Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (1970-1988)
- Denmark
- Monarch - Margrethe II, Queen of Denmark (1972-present)
- Prime Minister -
- Faroe Islands (autonomous region of the Kingdom of Denmark)
- High Commissioner - Leif Groth (1972-1981)
- Prime Minister - Atli Dam, Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands (1970-1981)
- Finland
- President - Urho Kekkonen, President of Finland (1956-1981)
- Prime Minister -
- Åland (autonomous province)
- Governor - Martin Isaksson, Governor of Åland (1972-1982)
- Premier - Alarik Häggblom, Premier of Åland (1972-1979)
- France
- President - Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, President of France (1974-1981)
- Prime Minister - Jacques Chirac, Prime Minister of France (1974-1976)
- East Germany (German Democratic Republic)
- Communist Party Leader - Erich Honecker, First Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (1971-1989)
- Head of State - Willi Stoph, Chairman of the Council of State of East Germany (1973-1976)
- Premier - Horst Sindermann, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of East Germany (1973-1976)
- West Germany (Federal Republic of Germany)
- President - Walter Scheel, President of West Germany (1974-1979)
- Chancellor - Helmut Schmidt, Chancellor of West Germany (1974-1982)
- Greece
- President -
- Prime Minister - Konstantinos Karamanlis, Prime Minister of Greece (1974-1980)
- Mount Athos (autonomous monastic state)
- Spiritual Leader - Demetrios I, Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople (1972-1991)
- Hungary
- Communist Party Leader - János Kádár, First Secretary of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party (1956-1988)
- Head of State - Pál Losonczi, Chairman of the Presidential Council of Hungary (1967-1987)
- Premier -
- Iceland
- President - Kristján Eldjárn, President of Iceland (1968-1980)
- Prime Minister - Geir Hallgrímsson, Prime Minister of Iceland (1974-1978)
- Ireland
- President - Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh, President of Ireland (1974-1976)
- Prime Minister - Liam Cosgrave, Taoiseach of Ireland (1973-1977)
- Italy
- President - Giovanni Leone, President of Italy (1971-1978)
- Prime Minister - Aldo Moro, President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (1974-1976)
- Liechtenstein
- Monarch - Franz Josef II, Prince of Liechtenstein (1938-1989)
- Head of government - Walter Kieber, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (1974-1978)
- Luxembourg
- Monarch - Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (1964-2000)
- Prime Minister - Gaston Thorn, President of the Government of Luxembourg (1974-1979)
- Malta
- President - Sir Anthony Mamo, President of Malta (1971-1976)[21]
- Prime Minister - Dom Mintoff, Prime Minister of Malta (1971-1984)
- Monaco
- Monarch - Rainier III, Prince of Monaco (1949-2005)
- Head of Government - André Saint-Mleux, Minister of State of Monaco (1972–1981)
- The Netherlands
- Monarch - Juliana, Queen of the Netherlands (1948-1980)
- Prime Minister - Joop den Uyl, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (1973-1977)
- Norway
- Monarch - Olav V, King of Norway (1957-1991)
- Prime Minister - Trygve Bratteli, Prime Minister of Norway (1973-1976)
- Poland
- Communist Party Leader - Edward Gierek, First Secretary of the Central Committee of Polish United Workers' Party (1970-1980)
- Head of State - Henryk Jabłoński, Chairman of the Council of State of Poland (1972-1985)
- Premier - Piotr Jaroszewicz, President of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1970-1980)
- Portugal
- President - Francisco da Costa Gomes, President of Portugal (1974-1976)
- Prime Minister -
- Romania
- Communist Party Leader - Nicolae Ceauşescu, General Secretary of the Romanian Communist Party (1965-1989)
- President - Nicolae Ceauşescu, President of Romania (1967-1989)
- Premier - Manea Mănescu, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Romania (1974-1979)
- San Marino
- Captains Regent
- Francesco Valli and Enrico Andreoli, Captains Regent of San Marino (October 1974–March 1975)
- Alberto Cecchetti and Michele Righi, Captains Regent of San Marino (April 1975–September 1975)
- Giovanni Vito Marcucci and Giuseppe Della Balda, Captains Regent of San Marino (October 1975–March 1976)
- Captains Regent
- Soviet Union
- Communist Party leader - Leonid Brezhnev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1964-1982)
- Head of State - Nikolai Podgorny, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union (1965-1977)
- Premier - Alexey Kosygin, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (1964-1980)
- Spain
- Head of State -
- Monarch - Juan Carlos I, King of Spain (1975-present)
- Prime Minister - Carlos Arias Navarro, President of the Government of Spain (1973-1976)
- Sweden
- Monarch - Carl XVI Gustav, King of Sweden (1973-present)
- Prime Minister - Olof Palme, Prime Minister of Sweden (1969-1976)
- Switzerland
- Turkey
- President - Fahri Korutürk, President of Turkey (1973-1980)
- Prime Minister -
- Sadi Irmak, Prime Minister of Turkey (1974-1975)
- Süleyman Demirel, Prime Minister of Turkey (1975-1977)
- United Kingdom
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom (1952-present)
- Prime Minister - Harold Wilson, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1974-1976)
- Guernsey (British Crown dependency)
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Duke of Normandy (1952–present)
- Lieutenant-Governor - Sir John Edward Ludgate Martin, Lieutenant-Governor of Guernsey (1974–1980)
- Bailiff - Sir John Loveridge, Bailiff of Guernsey (1973-1982)
- Alderney (self-governing island)
- Head of Government - George William Baron, President of the States of Alderney (1970-1977)
- Sark (self-governing island)
- Seigneur - John Michael Beaumont, Seigneur of Sark (1974–present)
- Jersey (British Crown dependency)
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Duke of Normandy (1952–present)
- Lieutenant-Governor - Sir Desmond Fitzpatrick, Lieutenant-Governor of Jersey (1974-1979)
- Bailiff - Frank Ereaut, Bailiff of Jersey (1975-1985)
- Isle of Man (British Crown dependency)
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Lord of Mann (1952–present)
- Lieutenant-Governor - Sir John Warburton Paul, Lieutenant-Governor of Man (1974-1980)
- Head of Government - Percy Radcliffe, Chairman of the Executive Council of the Isle of Man (1971-1977)
- Gibraltar (British crown colony)
- Governor - Sir John Grandy, Governor of Gibraltar (1973-1978)
- Chief Minister - Sir Joshua Hassan, Chief Minister of Gibraltar (1972-1987)
- Vatican City
- Pope - Paul VI, Sovereign of the State of the Vatican City (1963-1978)
- Secretary of State - Jean-Marie Villot, Cardinal Secretary of State (1969-1979)
- President of the Governorate - Jean-Marie Villot, President of the Governorate of Vatican City State (1969-1979)
- Yugoslavia
- Communist Party leader - Josip Broz Tito, President of the Presidium of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia (1945-1980)
- President - Josip Broz Tito, President of Yugoslavia (1953-1980)
- Premier - Džemal Bijedić, Chairman of the Federal Executive Council of Yugoslavia (1971-1977)
[edit] Middle East
- Bahrain
- Monarch - Isa ibn Salman al-Khalifa, Emir of Bahrain (1961-1999)[22]
- Prime Minister - Khalifah ibn Sulman Al Khalifah, Prime Minister of Bahrain (1970-present)[23]
- Egypt
- President - Anwar Sadat, President of Egypt (1970-1981)
- Prime Minister -
- Iran
- Monarch - Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran (1941-1979)
- Prime Minister - Amir-Abbas Hoveida, Prime Minister of Iran (1965-1977)
- Iraq
- President - Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr, President of Iraq (1968-1979)
- Prime Minister - Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr, Prime Minister of Iraq (1968-1979)
- Israel
- President - Ephraim Katzir, President of Israel (1973-1978)
- Prime Minister - Yitzhak Rabin, Prime Minister of Israel (1974-1977)
- Jordan
- Monarch - Hussein I, King of Jordan (1952-1999)
- Prime Minister - Zaid al-Rifai, Prime Minister of Jordan (1973-1976)
- Kuwait
- Monarch - Sabah III Al-Salim Al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait (1965-1977)
- Prime Minister - Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, Prime Minister of Kuwait (1965-1978)
- Lebanon
- President - Suleiman Frangieh, President of Lebanon (1970-1976)
- Prime Minister -
- Oman
- Monarch - Qaboos Bin Said, Sultan of Oman (1970-present)
- Prime Minister - Qaboos Bin Said, Prime Minister of Oman (1972–present)
- Qatar
- Monarch - Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani, Emir of Qatar (1972-1995)
- Prime Minister - Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani, Prime Minister of Qatar (1970-1995)[24]
- Saudi Arabia
- Monarch -
- Prime Minister -
- Syria
- President - Hafez al-Assad, President of Syria (1971-2000)
- Prime Minister - Mahmoud al-Ayyubi, Prime Minister of Syria (1972-1976)
- United Arab Emirates
- President - Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, President of the United Arab Emirates (1971-2004)
- Prime Minister - Maktoum bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates (1971-1979)
- North Yemen (Yemen Arab Republic)
- South Yemen (People's Democratic Republic of Yemen)
- President - Salim Ali Rubai, Chairman of the Presidential Council of South Yemen (1969-1978)
- Prime Minister - Haidar Abu Bakr al-Attas, Prime Minister of South Yemen (1971-1986)
[edit] North America and the Caribbean
- Antigua and Barbuda (British associated state)
- Governor - Sir Wilfred Jacobs, Governor of Antigua and Barbuda (1967–1993)
- Premier - George Walter, Premier of Antigua and Barbuda (1971–1976))
- The Bahamas
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the Bahamas (1973–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Milo Butler, Governor-General of the Bahamas (1973–1979)
- Prime Minister - Lynden Pindling, Prime Minister of the Bahamas (1967–1992)[25]
- Barbados
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Barbados (1966–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Arleigh Winston Scott, Governor-General of Barbados (1967–1976)
- Prime Minister - Errol Barrow, Prime Minister of Barbados (1961–1976)[26]
- Belize (British crown colony)
- Governor - Sir Richard Posnett, Governor of Belize (1972–1976)
- Premier - George Cadle Price, Premier of Belize (1961–1984)
- Bermuda (British crown colony)
- Governor - Sir Edwin Leather, Governor of Bermuda (1973-1977)
- Premier -
- British Virgin Islands (British crown colony)
- Canada
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Canada (1952-present)
- Governor General - Jules Léger, Governor General of Canada (1974-1979)
- Prime Minister - Pierre Trudeau, Prime Minister of Canada (1968-1979)
- Cayman Islands (British crown colony)
- Governor - Thomas Russell, Governor of the Cayman Islands (1974-1982)
- Costa Rica
- President - Daniel Oduber Quirós, President of Costa Rica (1974–1978)
- Cuba
- Communist Party Leader - Fidel Castro, First secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba (1965-present)
- President - Osvaldo Dorticós Torrado, President of Cuba (1959-1976)
- Prime Minister - Fidel Castro, Prime Minister of Cuba (1959-2008)[27]
- Dominica (British associated state)
- Governor - Sir Louis Cools-Lartigue, Governor of Dominica (1968–1979)
- Premier - Patrick John, Premier of Dominica (1974–1979)
- Dominican Republic
- President - Joaquín Balaguer, President of the Dominican Republic (1966–1978)
- El Salvador
- President - Arturo Armando Molina, President of El Salvador (1972–1977)
- Grenada
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Grenada (1974–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Leo de Gale, Governor-General of Grenada (1974-1978)
- Prime Minister - Eric Gairy, Prime Minister of Grenada (1967-1979)[28]
- Guatemala
- President - Kjell Eugenio Laugerud García, President of Guatemala (1974-1978)
- Haiti
- President - Jean-Claude Duvalier, President for Life of Haiti (1971-1986)
- Honduras
- Head of State -
- Jamaica
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Jamaica (1962–present)
- Governor-General - Florizel Glasspole, Governor-General of Jamaica (1973-1991)
- Prime Minister - Michael Manley, Prime Minister of Jamaica (1972-1980)
- Mexico
- President - Luis Echeverría, President of Mexico (1970-1976)
- Montserrat (British crown colony)
- Governor - Norman Derek Matthews, Governor of Montserrat (1974-1976)
- Chief Minister - Percival Austin Bramble, Chief Minister of Montserrat (1970-1978)
- Netherlands Antilles (constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
- Governor - Bernadito M. Leito, Governor of the Netherlands Antilles (1970-1983)
- Prime Minister - Juancho Evertsz, Prime Minister of the Netherlands Antilles (1973-1977)
- Nicaragua
- President - Anastasio Somoza Debayle, President of Nicaragua (1974-1979)
- Panama
- De facto leader - Omar Torrijos, Commandant of the National Guard of Panama (1969-1981)
- President - Demetrio B. Lakas, President of Panama (1969-1978)
- Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla (British associated state)
- Saint Lucia (British associated state)
- Governor - Sir Allen Montgomery Lewis, Governor of Saint Lucia (1974-1980)
- Premier - John Compton, Premier of Saint Lucia (1964-1979)
- Saint Pierre and Miquelon (Territorial collectivity of France)
- Prefect -
- President of the General Council - Albert Pen, President of the General Council of Saint Pierre and Miquelon (1968-1984)
- Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (British associated state)
- Governor - Sir Rupert John, Governor of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (1970-1976)
- Premier - Milton Cato, Premier of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (1974-1984)
- Trinidad and Tobago
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Trinidad and Tobago (1962-1976)
- Governor General - Sir Ellis Clarke, Governor General of Trinidad and Tobago (1972-1987)[29]
- Prime Minister - Eric Williams, Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago (1956-1981)[30]
- Turks and Caicos Islands (British crown colony)
- United States of America
- President - Gerald Ford, President of the United States (1974-1977)
- Puerto Rico (Commonwealth of the United States)
- Governor - Rafael Hernández Colón, Governor of Puerto Rico (1973-1977)
- United States Virgin Islands (Insular area of the United States)
[edit] South America
- Argentina
- Bolivia
- President - Hugo Banzer Suárez, President of Bolivia (1971-1978)
- Brazil
- President - Ernesto Geisel, President of Brazil (1974-1979)
- Chile
- President - Augusto Pinochet, President of Chile (1974-1990)
- Colombia
- President - Alfonso López Michelsen, President of Colombia (1974-1978)
- Ecuador
- President - Guillermo Rodríguez, President of Ecuador (1972-1976)
- Falkland Islands (British crown colony)
- Guyana
- President - Arthur Chung, President of Guyana (1970-1980)
- Prime Minister - Forbes Burnham, Prime Minister of Guyana (1964-1980)[31]
- Paraguay
- President - Alfredo Stroessner, President of Paraguay (1954-1989)
- Peru
- President -
- Prime Minister -
- Suriname
- gained independence on 25 November 1975
- President[32] - Johan Ferrier, Governor-General of Suriname (1968-1975), President of Suriname (1975-1980)
- Prime Minister[33] - Henck Arron, Prime Minister of Suriname (1973-1980)
- Uruguay
- President - Juan María Bordaberry, President of Uruguay (1972-1976)
- Venezuela
- President - Carlos Andrés Pérez, President of Venezuela (1974-1979)
[edit] References
- ^ Titled Emperor Bokassa I after 1976.
- ^ Chad only became independent in 1960.
- ^ Name changed to Macías Nguema Biyogo Ñegue Ndong on 26 September 1975.
- ^ Lesotho only became independent in 1966.
- ^ Mauritius only became independent in 1968.
- ^ Titled 'Officer Administering the Government' between 1965 and 1970.
- ^ Swaziland only became independent in 1968, until when Sobhuza II was titled Paramount Chief of Swaziland.
- ^ Swaziland only became independent in 1968.
- ^ Julius Nyerere was previously President of Tanganyika from 1962 to 1964.
- ^ Singapore only became independent in 1965.
- ^ William Gopallawa was titled Governor-General of Ceylon between 1962 and 1972 under the monarchy.
- ^ Subsequently president of Vietnam from 1976 to 1980.
- ^ Subsequently prime minister of Vietnam from 1976 to 1987.
- ^ Fiji only became independent in 1970, until when Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara was titled Chief Minister of Fiji.
- ^ Subordinated to the Governor of New Caledonia.
- ^ Titled High Commissioner before independence.
- ^ Titled Chief Minister before independence.
- ^ Papua New Guinea only became independent in 1975.
- ^ Tonga only became independent in 1970.
- ^ Tonga only became independent in 1970.
- ^ Sir Anthony Mamo was titled Governor-General of Malta between 1971 and 1974 under the monarchy.
- ^ Bahrain only became independent in 1971.
- ^ Bahrain only became independent in 1971.
- ^ Qatar only became independent in 1971.
- ^ The Bahamas only became independent on 1973.
- ^ Barbados only became independent in 1966.
- ^ The position Prime Minister of Cuba was abolished on 2 December 1976, but President of the Council of Ministers was created and it continued to be held by Fidel Castro.
- ^ Grenada only became independet in 1974.
- ^ Sir Ellis Clarke was titled President of Trinidad and Tobago between 1976 and 1987 after the abolishing of the monarchy.
- ^ Trinidad and Tobago only became independent in 1962.
- ^ Guyana only became independent in 1966.
- ^ Titled Governor-General until independence.
- ^ Titled Chief Minister before independence.
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