Pakatan Rakyat
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| People's Pact Pakatan Rakyat |
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| Leader | Anwar Ibrahim Lim Kit Siang Abdul Hadi Awang |
|---|---|
| Founded | April 1, 2008 |
| Headquarters | Petaling Jaya, Malaysia (DAP & PKR) Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (PAS) |
| Ideology | Social justice, Progressive, Social democracy, Public welfare |
| National affiliation | Malaysia |
| Malaysia |
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Pakatan Rakyat or PR (English: People's Pact/People's Alliance) was established on April 1, 2008. The political coalition comprises a group of Malaysian political parties, namely, the People's Justice Party (PKR), Democratic Action Party (DAP), and Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS), who collectively worked together as the Barisan Rakyat (or People's Front) during the 12th Malaysian general election in 2008. In the 10th General Election, they composed the Barisan Alternatif to defeat Barisan Nasional. After failing to do so, the component parties broke up and formed a coalition again after the major turned out votes against the Barisan Nasional. Each political party in People's Alliance has its own ideology; PKR promotes its ideals that revolves around social justice and anti-corruption themes, PAS with its aim to establish Malaysia as a nation based on Islamic legal theory and DAP with its secular, multi-racial, social democratic ideals.
Pakatan Rakyat is to be collectively led and managed, by all three parties and it pledges to uphold the rights and interests of all Malaysians. With the establishment of the Pakatan Rakyat coalition, State Governments of Kelantan, Kedah, Penang, Perak and Selangor are known as the Pakatan Rakyat state governments. The government of Perak is currently disputed between Barisan Nasional and Pakatan Rakyat following an ongoing constitutional wrangle.
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[edit] History
The Pakatan Rakyat is a maturing development of the concept, of Barisan Rakyat (English: People's Front), that was created during the election campaign of the 12th Malaysian general election in 2008. Barisan Rakyat was the banner and policy position document which a group of Malaysian opposition political parties (DAP, PKR, PAS, PSM, MDP and PASOK) endorsed and coalesced around for the 12th Malaysian general election in 2008.
PKR, DAP and PAS have also won in the recent general elections 41, 73, and 86 seats, respectively, in the various state assemblies. On July 10, Opposition and PR leader Datin Wan Azizah submitted an urgent motion of "no-confidence" in Prime Minister Datuk Seri Abdullah Ahmad Badawi, on behalf of the Pakatan Rakyat (PR) MPs. The reasons she cited were the narrow victory of Barisan Nasional in the March general election, the sudden fuel price hike, the marginalisation of PR-led states and the alleged oppression of BN MPs to voice up, had led to the confidence crisis against the prime minister. [1]
On August 28, 2008, Anwar Ibrahim rejoined parliament on and was appointed leader of the Pakatan Rakyat, taking over the position from Datuk Wan Azizah.[2]
[edit] Members of Pakatan Rakyat's Front Bench
On 2 July 2009, Pakatan Rakyat announced a list of its Members of Parliament who would shadow individual ministries. DAP Member of Parliament Tony Pua stated that this front bench would explicitly not be a Shadow Cabinet because the Malaysian Parliament does not recognise the institution of a Shadow Cabinet.[3]
[edit] Pakatan Rakyat's Component Parties and Leaders
People's Pact General Chief: Yang Berhormat Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim
- Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (Parti Islam Se-Malaysia, PAS)
- President: Yang Berhormat Dato' Seri Haji Abdul Hadi bin Awang
- Spiritual leader: Yang Amat Berhormat Tuan Guru Dato' Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat
- Democratic Action Party (Parti Tindakan Demokratik, DAP)
- National Chairman: Yang Berhormat Karpal Singh Ram Singh
- Secretary-General: Yang Amat Berhormat Lim Guan Eng
- Parliamentary Leader: Yang Berhormat Lim Kit Siang
- People's Justice Party (Parti Keadilan Rakyat, Keadilan/PKR)
- President: Yang Berbahagia Datuk Seri Dr. Wan Azizah binti Wan Ismail
- Opposition Leader: Yang Berhormat Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim
[edit] Pakatan Rakyat's Members of the 12th Parliament of Malaysia
[edit] Dewan Negara (Senate)
[edit] Senators
- Kedah
- Muhammad Yusof bin Husin (PAS)
- Zamri bin Yusuf (PKR)
[edit] Dewan Rakyat (House of Representatives)
[edit] Members of Parliament
- Kedah
- P7 - Padang Terap - Mohd Nasir Zakaria (PAS)
- P8 - Pokok Sena - Mahfuz Omar (PAS)
- P10 - Kuala Kedah - Ahmad Kasim (PKR)
- P11 - Pendang - Mohd Hayati Othman (PAS)
- P12 - Jerai - Mohd Firdaus Jaafar (PAS)
- P13 - Sik - Che Uda Che Nik (PAS)
- P14 - Merbok - Rashid Din (PKR)
- P15 - Sungai Petani - Johari Abdul (PKR)
- P16 - Baling - Taib Azamudden Md Taib (PAS)
- P17 - Padang Serai - N Gobalakrishnan (PKR)
- P18 - Kulim Bandar Baharu - Zulkifli Nordin (PKR)
- Kelantan
- P19 - Tumpat - Kamaruddin Jaafar (PAS)
- P20 - Pengkalan Chepa - Abdul Halim Abdul Rahman (PAS)
- P21 - Kota Bharu - Wan Abdul Rahim Wan Abdullah (PAS)
- P22 - Pasir Mas - Ibrahim Ali (PAS) - independent
- P23 - Rantau Panjang - Siti Zailah Muhd Yusoff (PAS)
- P24 - Kubang Kerian - Salahuddin Ayub (PAS)
- P25 - Bachok - Nasharudin Mat Isa (PAS)
- P26 - Ketereh - Ab Aziz Ab Kadir (PKR)
- P27 - Tanah Merah - Amran Ab Ghani (PKR)
- P28 - Pasir Puteh - Muhammad Husin (PAS)
- P29 - Machang - Saifuddin Nasution Ismail (PKR)
- P31 - Kuala Kerai - Mohd Hatta Ramli (PAS)
- Terengganu
- P36 - Kuala Terengganu - Mohd Abdul Wahid Endut (PAS) - Won in Jan 17, 2009
- P37 - Marang - Abdul Hadi Awang (PAS)
- Penang
- P44 - Permatang Pauh - Anwar Ibrahim (PKR) - Won in Aug 28, 2008
- P47 - Nibong Tebal - Tan Tee Beng (PKR)
- P43 - Bagan - Lim Guan Eng (DAP)
- P45 - Bukit Mertajam - Chong Eng (DAP)
- P46 - Batu Kawan - Ramasamy Palanisamy (DAP)
- P48 - Bukit Bendera - Liew Chin Tong (DAP)
- P49 - Tanjong - Chow Kon Yeow (DAP)
- P50 - Jelutong - Ooi Chuan Aun (DAP)
- P51 - Bukit Gelugor - Karpal Singh Ram Singh (DAP)
- P52 - Bayan Baru - Zahrain Mohamed Hashim (PKR)
- P53 - Balik Pulau - Mohd Yusmadi Mohd Yusuff (PKR)
- Perak
- P57 - Parit Buntar - Mujahid Yusof Rawa (PAS)
- P58 - Bagan Serai - Mohsin Fadzli Samsuri (PKR)
- P59 - Bukit Gantang - Datuk Seri Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin (PAS) - Won April 7, 2009
- P60 - Taiping - Nga Kor Ming (DAP)
- P62 - Sungai Siput - Michael Jeyakumar Devaraj (PKR; member of Socialist Party of Malaysia)
- P64 - Ipoh Timor - Lim Kit Siang (DAP)
- P65 - Ipoh Barat - M. Kulasegaran V. Murugeson (DAP)
- P66 - Batu Gajah - Fong Po Kuan (DAP)
- P68 - Beruas - Ngeh Koo Ham (DAP)
- P71 - Gopeng - Lee Boon Chye (PKR)
- P76 - Teluk Intan - M. Manogaran (DAP)
- Pahang
- P82 - Indera Mahkota - Azan Ismail (PKR)
- P83 - Kuantan - Fuziah Salleh (PKR)
- Selangor
- P94 - Hulu Selangor - Zainal Abidin Ahmad (PKR)
- P96 - Kuala Selangor - Dzulkefly Ahmad (PAS)
- P97 - Selayang - William Leong Jee Keen (PKR)
- P98 - Gombak - Mohamed Azmin Ali (PKR)
- P99 - Ampang - Zuraida Kamarudin (PKR)
- P101 - Hulu Langat - Che Rosli Bin Che Mat (PAS)
- P102 - Serdang - Teo Nie Ching (DAP)
- P103 - Puchong - Gobind Singh Deo (DAP)
- P104 - Kelana Jaya - Loh Gwo Burne (PKR)
- P105 - PJ Selatan - Hee Loy Sian (PKR)
- P106 - PJ Utara - Tony Pua Kiam Wee (DAP)
- P107 - Subang - Sivarasa Rasiah (PKR)
- P108 - Shah Alam - Khalid Abd Samad (PAS)
- P109 - Kapar - Manikavasagam a/l Sundaram (PKR)
- P110 - Klang - Charles Anthony Santiago (DAP)
- P111 - Kota Raja - Siti Mariah Mahmud (PAS)
- P112 - Kuala Langat - Abdullah Sani bin Abdul Hamid (PKR)
- Federal Territory
- P114 - Kepong - Tan Seng Giaw (DAP)
- P115 - Batu - Chua Tian Chang (PKR)
- P116 - Wangsa Maju - Wee Choo Keong (PKR)
- P117 - Segambut - Lim Lip Eng (DAP)
- P119 - Titiwangsa - Lo' Lo' Mohd Ghazali (PAS)
- P120 - Bukit Bintang - Fong Kui Lun (DAP)
- P121 - Lembah Pantai - Nurul Izzah Anwar (PKR)
- P122 - Seputeh - Teresa Kok Suh Sim (DAP)
- P123 - Cheras - Tan Kok Wai (DAP)
- P124 - Bandar Tun Razak - Abdul Khalid Ibrahim (PKR)
- Negeri Sembilan
- P128 - Seremban - John Fernandez (DAP)
- P130 - Rasah - Loke Siew Fook (DAP)
- P132 - Telok Kemang - Kamarul Bahrin Abbas (PKR)
- Melaka
- P138 - Kota Melaka - Sim Tong Him (DAP)
- Johor
- P145 - Bakri - Er Teck Hwa (DAP)
- Sabah
- P172 - Kota Kinabalu - Hiew King Chew (DAP)
- Sarawak
- P195 - Bandar Kuching - Chong Chieng Jen (DAP)
- Current total numbers of MP = 82 (after included PSM and SAPP MP and deducted Pasir Mas MP as independent)
[edit] Pakatan Rakyat States Government & Chief Ministers
- Kedah
- Penang
- Kelantan
- Menteri Besar: Yang Amat Berhormat Dato' Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat
- Selangor
- Menteri Besar: Yang Amat Berhormat Tan Sri Abdul Khalid Ibrahim
[edit] References
- ^ Wan Azizah files emergency motion of "no confidence" in PM; Speaker to decide on Monday
- ^ Anwar rejoins Malaysia parliament, heads opposition, Express India, August 28, 2008
- ^ Pathmawathy, S (2009-07-02). "Pakatan forms 'cabinet' committees". Malaysiakini. http://malaysiakini.com/news/107680. Retrieved on 2009-07-02.
[edit] See also
- Malaysian general election, 2008
- Parliament of Malaysia
- State Seats Representatives elected 2008
- Barisan Alternatif

