Rutul language
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| Rutul | ||
|---|---|---|
| мыхIабишды чIел myxʼabišdy čʼel | ||
| Spoken in | Russia, Azerbaijan | |
| Total speakers | more than 30,000 | |
| Language family | Northeast Caucasian
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| Writing system | Cyrillic alphabet | |
| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639-1 | None | |
| ISO 639-2 | cau | |
| ISO 639-3 | rut | |
| Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. | ||
Rutul is a language spoken by the Rutuls, an ethnic group living in Dagestan (Russia) and some parts of Azerbaijan. The word Rutul derives from the name of a Dagestani village where speakers of this language make up the majority.[1]
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[edit] Classification
Rutul belongs to the Lezgic group of the Northeast Caucasian (Dagestan) language family. Rutuls call their language myxʼabišdy čʼel.
[edit] History
The term Rutul was first used in the 15th century to designate Lezgic-speaking people in what is now southern Dagestan and Azerbaijan's Shaki rayon. It has been in official use since after 1917. Rutul was not a written language until the writing system for it (based on the Cyrillic alphabet) was developed in 1990. Speakers are often bilingual or multilingual having a good command of Azeri, Lezgian and/or Russian languages. There are 8 dialects and 2 sub-dialects of Rutul. The literary version of the language remains in the process of development. In the Rutul-populated regions of southern Russia, Rutul is taught in primary schools (grades 1 to 4).[1]
[edit] Related languages
Among the languages of the Lezgic group, Tsakhur appears to be the closest one to Rutul.[2] Other than these two, there are eight more languages in the Lezgic group, namely: Lezgian, Tabasaran, Aghul, Budugh, Kryts, Khinalugh, Udi and Archi.
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ a b (Russian) ETHEO: Rutul Language
- ^ (Russian) The Tsakhur language. The ETHEO Project. Last updated 11 October 2005. Retrieved 26 December 2006
