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Tedim

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Tedim
Tiddim
Tedim is located in Burma
Tedim
Tedim
Location in Burma
Coordinates: 23°22′0.0006″N 93°40′0.0012″E / 23.366666833°N 93.666667°E / 23.366666833; 93.666667
Country Burma
Admin. division Chin State/Zomi State
District Falam District
Government
 - Ukpi, Mangpi, Thuzekpi, Currently not available
Population
 - Total 84,953 as of 2,006
 - Population
 - Religions Christian

Tedim is a town in Chin State, northwestern part of Myanmar. The people who are living in Tedim area or Tedim Township are called themselves as TEDIMMI, the TEDIM TOWNEE (townees) are called TEDIMTE, and the language they speak is called Tedimpau or Tedimkam, land and space area it covers is called TEDIMGAM or Tedim Uksung. The governor and or rulers are called TEDIM UK, or UKPI, the styles and fashion they use and the way they live called Tedimdan,Tedimzia, Tedim zia leh tong.

They were earlier reffered to as 'Paite' by the Lushai, Falam Pawi, and their neighboring tribes. Tedim was a town founded by Mangsum Guite.

Contents

[edit] Demography, etymology and language

The native settlers were warriors and mighty fighters since the ancient times. Sing Kho Khai, a native writer writes that the people living in Tedim region were referred to as 'Paite' by their neighboring tribes. He further writes that it is even possible that the term Paite could have been used by the people themselves even before Ciimnuai was founded by their chiefs. Ciimnuai was a place founded by the ZO people long before the present Tedim township was established by Mangsum from Guite clan.

The Name TEDIM formed its original and official used; but the written Tiddim,Thiddim, or Chinditss (Called during the World Ward I, and IIs)had to be used for the course of un-firmed grammar and or literature.

The TEDIM language is the most common version spoken and understood by the nearby ethnicities including (1)the Kuki(Thados, (2)the Manipur(Meitei and Paihte), (3)the Lushei (Mizo), (4)the Laimi (Khalkha or Hakha and Thangtlang), and (5)the Falam (Pawite).

Tedimkam or Tedimpau is the Major Language of the whole Chin or Zomi, Kuki, Mizo, Manipur, Paihte, Pawite tribes of people. It is not a mere dialect such as the Siyin or Sihzang, or Saizangpau but it covers the following 11 diaclects (1)Sihzang, (2)Saizang, (3)Zo, (4)Teizang, (5)Phaileng, (6)Paihte, (7)Thahdo(In Myanmar), (8)Losau, (9)Vaiphei, (10)Dimmi and (11)the Simte. Therefore it is unique among other spoken languages in the Chin State. It is estimated that around 550,000 people speak this dialect and arguably is next only to Lusei (Mizo) in terms of number of speakers among the ZO people which itself has around 50 different dialects within it. The Lusei is now spoken by close to 600,000.

It is interesting to note that Tedim is the only language of the ZO languages that has the word literature in its vacabulary. It is the word "lai" which also means, apart from literature/paper, middle or center.

While the Zomi' covers these ( 9 ); (1)Tedim, (2)Pawite (Falam namte), (3) Laizo (Laimite), (4))NuaiZo, (5)ZoPhei, (6) Lusuang (Luseite), (7)Paihte (Simte), (8)Thahdo(Kuki), (9)Meitei(Manipurte). TEDIM is derived from the inhabitants itself; c. 1600 According to the traditions, a pool on the top of the hills of that great sitting used to be twinkling under sun's light, therefore, the "te" (brights, shines, glitters)" and "dim" (twinkling, sparkling)" in that site's called the "Te dimdiam Khua". As far as ZamSianSang, Gualnam B.B.A (zasang)who's done the research and survey about the History of Tedim (the Tedimmi), Zomi, Laimi, Halkha, Zotung, Thantlang, Zophei, Simte, Paite, Thado (Kuki), Naga, Tibetan Sino, Mizo, Asssammi and the genealogy of the Himalayans for years between 1998 until 2005.

[edit] History and legend

As a result of lack of formal writing system in the past, the story of Tedim mostly depends on oral tradition(s). Thought the first establishment of Tedim was unclearly known always ascribed to Gui Mang, we credit the Pu Guite Mang and the Pu Sukte Mang for their humanely prince-ship or dynastic ruling over the Zomi in the past. During British ruling, the Chiefs seats in Tedim.

Here is still an existing commemorative song said to be composed by Pum Go concerning the growing prosperity in Tedim that says:

Dimtui vang khua, khua munnuam aw, sial leh sawm taang a tunna,
Sial leh sawm taang a tunna, siing tan’ lam bang eng nah e;
Taang silsial e, taang silsial e, Dimtui vangkhua taang silsial e,
Dimtui vang khua taang silsial e, kawi tawh laukha ka hualna (Pumgo: c. early 18th cent.).

(Translation)

Very comfortable place is my native Dimtui (a poetic attribution to TE DIM), where all my dreams fulfilled,
Where all my dreams fulfilled, that everyone envies of my native;
It's shining, yes, shining, my native Dimtui is shining modestly,
My native Dimtui is shining modestly, where I made lasting vow to my beloved [dear wife].

The Tedimmi are also well known for their magnitude'Black Magic, Ritual Healing, White Magic, Witchcraft, occult, alchemy, Hunting,' since ancient times. There's legend and also has eye-sight-witnesses said that, 'A Wicca Pu-NgulTuan (the Father of Pu-Khampi) from Anlangh once let stand off a mountain Hiangtaam(Near his home-Village)avalanche (keep from falling/collapsing down) with his wiccan power.

By the time of Mang Suum II, son of Pum Go, the allied force of the Pawihangs (Pois, Pawi) began their advance in the region that did not leave Tedim also. Since this sudden attack is not possible to resist over a night, Tedim was again dessert by Mang Suum and his family, though some local residents still survived under the leadership of Mang Gin from Hatlang family.[1] Therefore, in 1840 [Cf., Tuan], in order to secure peace, the remaining citizens planned to invite Kam Hau of Mualbem, the then emerging Sukte family in the region, since they had a good military and political tie with the Zahau family of the Pawis.[2]
Accordingly, when the British came, Tedim was named to be the most appropriate local residence for district officer.

Under the capable leadership of Kam Hau, Tedim became a safety place, assuming the position of commercial and political center of the region within a few decades.[3]

[edit] Tedim, Tiddim, Ciimnuai

Central part and centralization zones in Tedim people and languages is as follows (in alphabetical order):

Anlangh
Cikha
Gamlai
Gawngmual
Haicin
Kansauzang
Kaptel
Laitui
Lamzang
Ngennung
Ngente
Thangnuai
Tonzang
Tuithang
Tuituum
Vangteh

+Saizangpau +Zopau +Sihzangpau +Teizangpau +Vaipheipau +Losaupau +Dimpau +Phailengpau +Paihtepau

[edit] Geography

The horizontal geography is unique in its shape and slopes, and its climate is pleasure to live by most animals and all living beings since is lies on the Tropic of Cancer having 3 weather (summer, winter, autumn). The ranges of Hills of Thangmual (Kennedy's Peak),Lunglenkawl, the Rih bual, the Hausapi, the Gullu or Gullu Mual, the Zangmualli, the Tuikangpi, the Suangsuang, Lentangmual, etcs and the historical reserved mythology related bays, dams, caves, peaks, sites and many more; some of them are: Lennupa mual, the twin or pair fiary hill, the and many more lovely and historic reserved places are very lovely and wonderful; the people also. 'Galngam Khekhap' a kici suangtung ah khekhap dan khat a golpi, Gamlai te' khawtaw ah kimu thei hi.

[edit] Notable people from Tedim Township

  • Pu Thuam Hang, the first Christian convert among people from Chin State, Burma
  • Dr Vum Son Suantak
  • Major General Tuang Za Khai
  • Lt. Colonel E. K. Kim Ngin
  • Lt. Colonel Pu Pau Cin
  • Major R. Lua Kyin
  • Lt. Colonel Kam Cin
  • MajorDr Mang Za Thang
  • EngineerMajor Kam Cin Lian
  • Pu Khai Kam
  • Pu Lun Pum; Minister of Land Nationalization- the first among Zomi.
  • Lt. Colonel Suan Lian
  • Pu Pau Za Kam; State Education Officer
  • Pu Thawng Khaw Lian; Assistant General Manager, Ministry of Trade
  • Rev.Dr Kam Khaw Thang; who translated the Tedim Bible from English version.
  • Rev.Dr Simon Pau Khan En; the first person from the Zomi to hold the position of the General Secretary of Myanmar Baptist Convention
  • Prof Thang Za Tuan; Deputy Director General, Ministry of Education,Union of Myanmar
  • Dr. Thuam Cin Khai[1], former inland missionary working with Zomi Baptist Convention to Asho Chins; Vice Principal cum Dean of Studies of All Nations Theological Seminary, Thanlyin, Yangon; Interim Pastor of Sizang Burmese Mission Church, MD, USA; Dean of Burmese Bible School, Syracuse, NY, USA; Resource Person to Literacy for Minority Development of Myanmar Council of Churches; Committee of Finance, Property, and Personnel of Association for Theological Education in Myanmar; The first person from Chin (Zomi, Laimi) to earned Doctor of Education from University.

[edit] Endnotes

  1. ^ C. 1820, by C. Tuan.
  2. ^ Sing K. Khai, Zo People and Their Culture (Lamka, Churachanpur, India: Kampu Hatzaw, 1995), 25-27 [Khai well comments the emergence of the Sukte family as a matter of fear of the Pawis of present Falam, that Khan Thuam and his son, Kam Hau, ruled as their vassel].
  3. ^ Sukte Beh leh Tedim Gam Taangthu (Tedim, Myanmar: Laibu Bawl Committee, 1993). This is also a local publication of a collection of the oral accounts of the Sukte dynastic rule.

[edit] References

  • C. Thang Za Tuan, Prof., "Zomi Tanchin Tomkim," in Zolus Journal 4 (1999): 3-6. Dr. Tuan is a retired Deputy Director General of Basic Education Dept., the Ministry of Education, Myanmar. He dated 1570 to be the first founding of Tedim by Gui Mang.
  • TEDIM BEHS NO 1 GOLDEN JUBILEE MAGAZINE (Tedim, Chin State, Myanmar: Magazine Committee, 1998). This is a commemorative magazine of the Golden Jubilee of the school.
  • Gin K. Thang, com., Guite Khang Tangthu, (Kalemyo, Myanmar: 1986). This local publication was once reverted by the compiler in 1994, for the mis-inclusion of an illegitimate name called Gui Luah (Guiluah). However, apart from this single weakness, this local publication is still the best collection of existing oral accounts on the Guite dynastic rule.

[edit] External links


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Chin State
Capital: Hakha
Falam District
Mindat District
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