Teth
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| ← Heth Teth Yodh → | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phoenician | Hebrew | Aramaic | Syriac | Arabic |
 |
ט |  |
ܛ | ﻁ |
| Phonemic representation: | tˤ | |||
| Position in alphabet: | 9 | |||
| Numerical (Gematria/Abjad) value: | 9 | |||
Ṭēth (also Teth, Tet) is the ninth letter of many Semitic abjads (alphabets), including Phoenician, Aramaic, Hebrew Tet ט, Syriac ܛ and Arabic Ṭāʾ ط; it is 9th in abjadi order and 16th in modern Arabic order.
Its sound value is IPA: [tˤ], one of the Semitic emphatic consonants.
The Phoenician letter gave rise to the Greek Theta (Θ).
Contents |
[edit] Origins
| Phoenician alphabet (ca. 1050–200 BCE) |
| 𐤀 𐤁 𐤂 𐤃 𐤄 𐤅 |
| 𐤆 𐤇 𐤈 𐤉 𐤊 𐤋 |
| 𐤌 𐤍 𐤎 𐤏 𐤐 |
| 𐤑 𐤒 𐤓 𐤔 𐤕 |
| Semitic abjads · Genealogy |
| Hebrew alphabet (400 BCE–present) |
| א ב ג ד ה ו |
| ז ח ט י כך |
| ל מם נן ס ע פף |
| צץ ק ר ש ת |
| History · Transliteration Niqqud · Dagesh · Gematria Cantillation · Numeration |
| Syriac alphabet (200 BCE–present) |
| ܐ ܒ ܓ ܕ ܗ ܘ |
| ܙ ܚ ܛ ܝ ܟܟ ܠ |
| ܡܡ ܢܢ ܣ ܥ ܦ |
| ܨ ܩ ܪ ܫ ܬ |
| Arabic alphabet (400 CE–present) |
| ا ب ت ث ج ح |
| خ د ذ ر ز س |
| ش ص ض ط ظ ع |
| غ ف ق ك ل |
| م ن ه و ي |
| History · Transliteration Diacritics · Hamza ء Numerals · Numeration |
The Phoenician letter name ṭēth means "wheel", but the letter possibly (according to Brian Colless) continues a Middle Bronze Age glyph named ṭab "good", ṭayyib طيب in modern Arabic, based on the nfr "good" hieroglyph,
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[edit] Hebrew Tet
| Orthographic variants | ||||
| Sans-serif | Serif | Monospaced | Cursive Hebrew |
Rashi Script |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ט | ט | ט |  |
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[edit] Hebrew pronunciation
In Modern Hebrew, Tet represents a voiceless alveolar plosive /t/, although this can be pharyngealized to produce [tˤ] in traditional Temani and Sephardi pronunciation.
[edit] Significance
In gematria, Tet represents the number nine. When followed by an apostrophe, it means 9,000. The most common example of this usage is in the numbers of the Hebrew years (i.e., ט'תשנד in numbers would be the date 9754).
As well, in gematria, the number 15 is written with Tet and Vav, (9+6) to avoid the normal construction Yud and Hei (10+5) which spells a name of God. Similarly, 16 is written with Tet and Zayin (9+7) instead of Yud and Vav (10+6) to avoid spelling part of the Tetragrammaton.
Tet is also one of the seven letters which receive a special crown (called a tagin) when written in a Sefer Torah. See Shin, Ayin, Gimmel, Nun, Zayin, and Tzadi.
[edit] Arabic Ṭāʼ
The letter is named ṭāʼ; standard pronunciation: [tˤ]. It is written in several ways depending in its position in the word:
| Position in word: | Isolated | Initial | Medial | Final |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Form of letter: | ط | طـ | ـطـ | ـط |
[edit] Similar symbols
A symbol similar to the Phoenician teth is used for the tensor product, as 
, but this is presumably an independent development, by modification of the multiplication sign ×.
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