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Upper East Side

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The Upper East Side at Sunset
View from 96th Street looking south

The Upper East Side is a neighborhood in the borough of Manhattan in New York City, between Central Park and the East River. The Upper East Side is within an area bounded by 59th Street, 96th Street, Central Park, and the East River.[1] Once known as the 'Silk Stocking District', it has some of the most expensive real estate in the United States. The most expensive Upper East Side penthouse (in The Pierre Hotel) was listed in the classifieds for approximately $100 million (USD), and the most expensive townhouse was listed for $75 million.[2]

Contents

[edit] History

In the 19th century[3] the farmland and market garden district of what was to be the Upper East Side was still traversed by the Boston Post Road and, from 1837, the New York and Harlem Railroad, which brought straggling commercial development around its one station in the neighborhood, at 86th Street, which became the heart of German Yorkville. The area was defined by the attractions of the bluff overlooking the East River, which ran without interruption from James William Beekman's "Mount Pleasant", north of the marshy squalor of Turtle Bay, to Gracie Mansion, north of which the land sloped steeply to the wetlands that separated this area from the suburban village of Harlem.[4] By the mid-19th century the farmland had largely been subdivided, with the exception of the 150 acres (0.61 km2) of Jones' Wood, stretching from 66th to 76th Streets, from the Old Post Road (Third Avenue) to the river[5] and the farmland inherited by James Lenox, who divided it into blocks of houselots in the 1870s[6] and built his Lenox Library on a Fifth Avenue lot,[7] and donated a full square block for the Presbyterian Hospital, between 70th and 71st Streets, and Madison and Park Avenues.[8]

The fashionable future of the narrow strip between Central Park and the railroad cut was established at the outset by the nature of its entrance, in the southwest corner, north of the Vanderbilt family's favored stretch of Fifth Avenue in the 50s[9] A row of handsome townhouses were built on speculation by Mary Mason Jones, who owned the entire block bounded by 57th and 58th Streets and Fifth and Madison; in 1870 she occupied the prominent corner house at 57th and Fifth, though not in the isolation described by her niece, Edith Wharton:

"It was her habit to sit in a window of her sitting room on the ground floor, as if watching calmly for life and fashion to flow northward to her solitary door... She was sure that presently the quarries, the wooden greenhouses in ragged gardens, the rocks from which goats surveyed the scene, would vanish before the advance of residences as stately as her own."[10]

The picture has been uncritically accepted as history, Christopher Gray has pointed out.[11]

Before the Park Avenue railroad cut was covered (finished in 1910), fashionable New Yorkers shunned the smoky railroad trench up Fourth Avenue (now Park Avenue), to build stylish mansions and townhouses on the large lots along Fifth Avenue, facing Central Park, and on the adjacent side streets. The latest arrivals were the rich Pittsburghers Andrew Carnegie and Henry Clay Frick. The first apartment house to replace a private mansion on upper Fifth Avenue was 907 Fifth Avenue (1916), at 72nd Street, the neighborhood's grand carriage entrance to Central Park.[12]

Most members of New York's upper-class families have made residences on the Upper East Side, including the oil-rich Rockefellers [1], political Roosevelts [2], political dynastic Kennedys [3][4], thoroughbred racing moneyed Whitneys [5][6], and tobacco and electric power fortuned Dukes. [7]

Construction of the 3rd Avenue El, opened from 1878 in sections, followed by the 2nd Avenue El, opened in 1880, linked the Upper East Side's middle class and skilled artisans closely to the heart of the city, and confirmed the modest nature of the area to their east. The ghostly "Hamilton Square", which had appeared as one of the few genteel interruptions of the grid plan on city maps since the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, was intended to straddle what had now become the Harlem Railroad right-of-way between 66th and 69th Streets; it never materialized, though during the Panic of 1857 its unleveled ground was the scene of an open-air mass meeting called in July to agitate for the secession of the city and its neighboring counties from New York State, and the city divided its acreage into house lots and sold them.[13] From the 1880s Yorkville, as it was known, extended east past Lexington Avenue and became a suburb of middle-class Germans, many of whom worked in nearby piano factories, stables, and breweries.

Gracie Mansion, the last remaining suburban villa overlooking the East River, became the home of New York's mayor in 1942.

[edit] Geography

The Metropolitan Museum of Art at 5th Ave and 81st St.

Generally speaking, the Upper East Side stretches from 59th Street to 96th Street (in the zip codes of 10021, 10022, 10065, 10075, 10028 and 10128).[14] Along 5th Avenue and Central Park, the Upper East Side actually extends past Mount Sinai Medical Center to 110th Street, but as you move East toward the East River, the Upper East Side ends where the railroad tracks emerge at 97th Street. Embedded within the Upper East Side are the neighborhoods of Yorkville, centered on 86th Street and Third Avenue and Carnegie Hill, centered on 94th Street and Fifth Avenue and Lenox Hill centered on 69th Street and 1st Avenue.

Its north-south avenues are Fifth Avenue, Madison Avenue, Park Avenue, Lexington Avenue, Third, Second and First Avenues, York Avenue, and East End Avenue (the latter runs only from East 79th Street to East 90th Street).

[edit] Demographics

As of the 2000 census, there were 207,543 people residing in the Upper East Side. The population density was 118,184 people per square mile (45,649/km²), making Manhattan Community Board 8, coterminous with the Upper East Side, the densest Community Board in the city.[15] The racial makeup of the neighborhood was 88.25% White, 6.14% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 2.34% African American, 0.09% Native American, 1.39% from other races, and 1.74% from two or more races. 5.62% of the population were Hispanic of any race. Twenty-one percent of the population was foreign born; of this, 45.6% came from Europe, 29.5% from Asia, 16.2% from Latin America and 8.7% from other. The female-male ratio was very high with 125 females for 100 males.[16]

Given its very high population density and per capita income ($85,081 in 2000), the neighborhood is believed to contain the greatest concentration of individual wealth in the nation. As of 2000, 75.6% of adults (25+) had attained a bachelor's degree or higher.

[edit] Politics

The Upper East Side is one of few areas of Manhattan where Republicans constitute more than 20% of the electorate. In the southwestern part of the neighborhood Republican voters equal Democratic voters (the only such area in Manhattan), whereas in the rest of the neighborhood Republicans make up between 20 and 40% of registered voters.[17]

The Upper East Side is also notable as a significant location of political fundraising in the United States. Four of the top five zip codes in the nation for political contributions are in Manhattan. The top ZIP Code, 10021, is on the Upper East Side and generated the most money for the 2004 presidential campaigns of both George W. Bush and John Kerry.[18]

Musicians Mutual Protective Union, 85th Street

[edit] Economy

Singapore Airlines operates its Eastern Division City Office & Ticket Office in Suite 19B at 55 East 59th Street.[19]

The Consulate-General of France in New York is located at 934 Fifth Avenue between 74th Street and 75th Street.[20] The Consulate-General of Greece in New York is located at 69 East 79th Street (10021), occupying the former George L. Rives residence. The Consulate-General of Italy in New York is located at 690 Park Avenue(10065).[21] The Consulate-General of India in New York is located at 3 East 64th Street between 5th Avenue and Madison Avenue.[22] The Consulate-General of Pakistan in New York is located at 12 East 65th Street (10065).[23]

Missions to the United Nations in the Upper East Side include:[24]

[edit] Cost of living

The Upper East Side maintains one of the highest pricing per square foot in the United States. A 2002 report cited the average cost per square foot as $856; however, that price has noticed a substantial jump, increasing to almost as much as $1,200 per square foot as of 2006.[25][26]

Renters tend to find favorable pricing in the neighborhood compared to others in Manhattan, with average one bedroom apartments ranging near $2,200.[27] Due to the high population density and land prices there are many luxury residential high-rises and skyscrapers in the neighborhood, the tallest of which is the Trump Palace Condominiums tower.

[edit] Government and infrastructure

The United States Postal Service operates the Cherokee Post Office at Front 1 of 1483 York Avenue,[28] Gracie Post Office at 229 East 85th Street,[29] and the Yorkville Station at 1617 3rd Avenue.[30]

[edit] Transportation

The Upper East Side is currently served by one subway line, the four-track IRT Lexington Avenue Line (4 5 6 <6>), and local bus routes. Due to severe congestion on the subway and buses, the Metropolitan Transportation Authority is currently building a new subway line, the Second Avenue Subway, along Second Avenue. The first phase will run from 96th Street to 63rd Street, where it will physically connect with the BMT Broadway Line; service will be provided by a northern extension of the Q train. In later phases, the line will be extended north to 125th Street/Park Avenue in Harlem and south to Hanover Square in the Financial District, and a new T service will run its entire length.

[edit] Landmarks and cultural institutions

The new Roman Gallery at the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

The area is host to some of the most famous museums in the world. The string of museums along Fifth Avenue fronting Central Park has been dubbed "Museum Mile." It was once named "Millionaire's Row." Among the cultural institutions on the Upper East Side:

Political institutions

[edit] Education

 This article is in a list format that may be better presented using prose. You can help by converting this article to prose, if appropriate. Editing help is available. (January 2009)

[edit] Primary and Secondary Schools

[edit] Private Schools

Girls' schools
Boys' schools
Coeducational schools

[edit] Public schools

New York City Department of Education operates area public schools.

Public lower and middle schools
Public high schools

[edit] Colleges and universities

[edit] Public libraries

The New York Public Library operates the 67th Street Branch Library at 328 East 67th Street, near First Avenue,[31] the Yorkville Branch Library, 222 East 79th Street and the 96th Street Branch Library at 112 East 96th Street, near Lexington Avenue.[32]

[edit] In popular culture

The Upper East Side has been a setting for many movies, television shows, and many other media due to its world-class museums, expensive restaurants and boutiques, proximity to Central Park, elite schools, and influential residents.

[edit] Movies

[edit] TV

[edit] Books

[edit] Fictional places

[edit] Famous residents

The neighborhood has a long tradition of being home to some of the world's most wealthy, powerful and influential families and individuals. Some of the notables who have lived here include:

Actors, artists, musicians, (fashion) designers and writers

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ "Upper East Side." New York Magazine. Retrieved on January 26, 2009; an uptown edge at 110th Street is maintained by "www.ny.com "New York City Geographical Information". Retrieved on May 7, 2009.
  2. ^ Manhattan (New York ), New York Real Estate - Sales, Rentals, Homes, Apartments, Open Houses, FSBO - New York Times
  3. ^ The history of the Upper East Side, in broader citywide context,<is in Edwin G. Burrows and Mike Wallace, Gotham (1999).
  4. ^ The original ecology of Manhattan Island and its evolution is now thoroughly explored in Eric W. Sanderson, Mannahatta: A Natural History of New York City (New York: Abrams, 2009), based in part on a British army map detailing the island's natural terrain at the time of the American Revolution.
  5. ^ Jones' Wood, owned by the Joneses and their Schermerhorn cousins and operated as a popular beer-garden resort, was briefly touted as a possible location for a public park before Central Park was established (Roy Rosenzweig and Elizabeth Blackmar, The Park and the People: A History of Central Park, New York, 1992, pp 20-21, map p. 38, et passim).
  6. ^ "Realty Romance in Old Lenox Farm", The New York Times, 15 December 1918]; the occasion was the auction of the auction sale an 1874 map of the section of Robert Lenox's farm, bought in 1818 that lay between 71st and 74th Streets, from Fifth to the railroad right-of-way that became Park Avenue.
  7. ^ When the library was consolidated with Astor and Tilden trusts to form the New York Public Library, a unique block-long stretch of Fifth Avenue frontage was liberated for the latecomer Henry Clay Frick to build his grand residence, now the Frick Collection.
  8. ^ "Founded by James Lenox, the chief features of the Presbyterian hospital..." The New York Times, 3 July 1892.
  9. ^ Fortune's Children Vanderbilt
  10. ^ Wharton, The Age of Innocence.
  11. ^ Gray, "Streetscapes: "Edith Wharton; In 'The Age of Innocence,' Fiction Was Not Truth'" The New York Times27 August 1995.
  12. ^ The Upper East Side Book: 907 Fifth Avenue
  13. ^ Edwin G. Burrows and Mike wallace, Gotham: a history of New York City to 1898, 1999, pp. 421, 840, 849.
  14. ^ Malbin, Peter. " If You're Thinking of Living On/Fifth Avenue; Culture, Convenience and Central Park", The New York Times, August 11, 2002. Accessed September 23, 2007. "North of 106th Street (from Lexington Avenue East), the traditional, if fuzzy, boundary between the Upper East Side and East Harlem, rents, like purchase prices, are often less stratospheric."
  15. ^ UPPER EAST SIDE - CD 308
  16. ^ Social Explorer 2000 Comprehensive Demography Report: Upper East Side
  17. ^ Who Are NYC's Republicans?
  18. ^ Big Donors Still Rule The Roost, accessed July 18, 2006.
  19. ^ "Contact Us." Singapore Airlines. Retrieved on January 28, 2009.
  20. ^ "Contact & hours of operation." Consulate-General of France in New York. Retrieved on January 26, 2009.
  21. ^ "Welcome to the website of the Consulate General of Italy in New York." Consulate-General of Italy in New York. Retrieved on January 26, 2009.
  22. ^ "Contact Us." Consulate-General of India in New York. Retrieved on January 26, 2009.
  23. ^ Home. Consulate-General of Pakistan in New York. Retrieved on January 26, 2009.
  24. ^ "United Nations Member States." United Nations. Retrieved on January 26, 2009.
  25. ^ Hevesi, Dennis. " Residential Real Estate; TriBeCa Is Priciest Neighborhood", The New York Times, May 17, 2002. Accessed June 7, 2007.
  26. ^ Miller Samuel | Charts
  27. ^ http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&ct=res&cd=1&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.citi-habitats.com%2Fmedia%2Fpdf%2F2009-StateOfMarket.pdf&ei=qAyrSbTFF9TFtgfkyITgDw&usg=AFQjCNEoI_ioINf3I1bH3GNf3OE8b4vv5A&sig2=oHRbLr9VmUIfyLtLqkWLZw
  28. ^ "Post Office™ Location - Cherokee." United States Postal Service. Retrieved on January 30, 2009.
  29. ^ "Post Office™ Location - Gracie." United States Postal Service. Retrieved on January 30, 2009.
  30. ^ "Post Office™ Location - Yorkville Station." United States Postal Service. Retrieved on January 30, 2009.
  31. ^ "67th Street Branch Library." New York Public Library. Retrieved on January 30, 2009.
  32. ^ "9th Street Branch Library." New York Public Library. Retrieved on January 30, 2009.
  33. ^ Day, Sherri. "Disappointment for Woody Allen, but Not at Box Office", The New York Times, March 26, 2004. Accessed November 30, 2007. "The state's highest court yesterday dismissed an effort to halt construction of a 10-story building on the Upper East Side, ending a six-year battle that pitted Woody Allen and a group of fellow Upper East Siders against the city's Landmarks Preservation Commission."
  34. ^ "Cross-Media Impresarios Massimo and Lella Vignelli - Design 2007 -- New York Magazine"

[edit] External links

[edit] Community interest sites

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Neighborhoods in the New York City Borough of Manhattan

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 The Chrysler Building
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Coordinates: 40°46′09″N 73°57′56″W / 40.76917°N 73.96556°W / 40.76917; -73.96556

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